Earth resources satellites

The development of the Okean (Ocean) space subsystem started with scientific and methodological experiments conducted in 1979-1982 onboard the Okean-E spacecraft. The experiments were primarily aimed at the development of techniques for synchronous remote measurement of physical parameters of the ocean and the atmosphere, development of techniques for remote sensing data calibration based on subsatellite measurement data, etc. The empirical data confirmed the capability to map the large-scale distribution of ocean surface temperature, wind velocity, ice boundaries and concentration, cloud water reserve, etc. Good results were also obtained from experiments with a data acquisition and transmission system.

The Earth resources field was further developed under the National Space Program of Ukraine using the Sich space system.

Okean-E №1

Mass, kg	1700
Active life, months	6
Launch vehicle	11К68
Main experimental results/Application	Successful tests validated the satellite design basis
Orbited on	12 February 1979

Okean-E №2

Mass, kg	1900
Active life, months	6
Launch vehicle	11К68
Main experimental results/Application	North Atlantic temperature maps were compiled. Ice age was graded, and water surface color index was determined in visible region in six measuring channels.
Orbited on	23 January 1980

Okean-OE

Mass, kg	1950
Active life, months	6
Launch vehicle	11К68
Main experimental results/Application	Experimental results confirmed the utility of using the Okean spacecraft for national economy.
Orbited on	28 September 1983

Okean-О1

Mass, kg	2075
Active life, months	6
Launch vehicle	11К68
Main experimental results/Application	The Okean-O1 data measuring system generated and transmitted the following data to ground stations via radio links at 137 MHz and 466 MHz: Radar data with a pixel size of 1.3?2.5 km in a 450-km wide swath Microwave radiometric data with a pixel size of 25?25 km in a 530-km wide swath Multispectral data in visible and near-IR region with a pixel size of 2?2 km in a 1900-km wide swath and a pixel size of 410?410 km in a 1100-km wide swath.
Orbited on	28 July 1986

Sich-1

Mass, kg	1024
Active life, months	6
Launch vehicle	11К68
Main experimental results/Application	Development of software and procedures for a variety of civil applications (marsh and peat swamp mapping, definition of soil moistening areas and fields of near-water winds in the center of cyclones; assessment of winter crop condition in autumn and spring; monitoring of spring flood dynamics, including the severe flood of 1996; environmental monitoring of man-made pollution in Ukraine, etc.).
Orbited on	31 August 1995

Okean-О

Mass, kg	6250
Active life, years	3
Launch vehicle	11K77
Main experimental results/Application	The Okean spacecraft was designed for the World Ocean and land studies for the benefit of national economy and Earth sciences. The spacecraft provided global optical and microwave low-, medium-, and high- resolution imaging.
Orbited on	19 July 1999

Egyptsat-1

Mass, kg	157
Active life, years	3-5
Launch vehicle	Dnepr
Main experimental results/Application	The spacecraft is designed for electro-optical Earth observation data acquisition and for provision of communication services in store-and-forward mode.
Orbited on	17 April 2007

Sich-2

Mass, kg	176
Active life, years	5
Launch vehicle	Dnepr
Main experimental results/Application	The spacecraft is designed for land imaging in visible and infrared electromagnetic wavelength regions, as well as for imagery saving, storage, and transmission.
Orbited on	17 August 2011

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